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Emerging roles of prohibitins in cancer: an update

Cancer Gene Therapy volume 32, pages 357–370 (2025)Cite this article

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Abstract

The prohibitin (PHB) family, including PHB1 and its homolog PHB2, is ubiquitously located in different cellular compartments and plays roles in fundamental cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Accumulating evidence has indicated that this family contributes to the development of numerous diseases in particular cancers. Aberrant expressions of PHBs can been observed in diverse types of human cancer. Depending on their cell compartment-specific attributes and interacting proteins, PHBs are tightly linked to almost all aspects of cancer biology and have distinct bidirectional functions of tumor-suppression or tumor-promotion. However, the roles of PHBs in cancer have yet to be fully characterized and understood. This review provides an updated overview of the pleiotropic effects of PHBs and emphasizes their characteristic roles in each cancer respectively, with the great expectation to identify potential targets for therapeutic approaches and promising molecular biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognostic monitor.

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Fig. 1: Schematic drawing of emerging roles of prohibitins in cancers.
Fig. 2: The mRNA expression level of PHBs in numerous types of human cancer.
Fig. 3: The protein expression level of PHBs in numerous types of human cancer.
Fig. 4: Schematic diagram of the multiple mechanisms of PHB1 in cancers.
Fig. 5: Schematic diagram of the multiple mechanisms of PHB2 in cancers.

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Research data is presented in the main text.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Prof. Mou Peng for his technique support.

Funding

This study was supported by grants from Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No.2022JJ40708) and from Xiaoxiang Cancer Clinical Research Public Welfare Project (Grant No. P049-001) to YYT. The funders play no role in paper design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, and writing of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

    Yunliang Gao

  2. National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China

    Yunliang Gao

  3. Hunan Clinical Research Center of Minimally Invasive Urology, Changsha, China

    Yunliang Gao

  4. Department of Oncology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

    Yuanyuan Tang

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  1. Yunliang Gao
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  2. Yuanyuan Tang
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Gao: Writing–original draft, Writing—review & editing, Visualization, Conceptualization. Tang: Writing—review & editing, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Gao, Y., Tang, Y. Emerging roles of prohibitins in cancer: an update. Cancer Gene Ther 32, 357–370 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41417-025-00883-y

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