Fig. 1

CASC9 overexpression in ESCC tissues correlates with ESCC aggressiveness. a Fold change in CASC9 expression between ESCC tissues and normal tissues normalized by log2 using RT-qPCR. b The correlation between CASC9 expression and tumor differentiation grade: normal, well, moderate, and poor. c The correlation between CASC9 expression and primary tumor invasion depth. T1: mucous layer, T2: muscularis propria layer, T3/T4: the adventitia layer and surrounding tissues. d The correlation between CASC9 expression and lymph node metastasis. Negative: no lymph node metastasis, positive: with lymph node metastasis. e The correlation between CASC9 expression and TNM stage. Stage I, stage II, and stage III represent different TNM stage of ESCC according to the latest AJCC (American Journal of Critical Care) guide. f High CASC9 expression in tumor tissues was associated with reduced survival of ESCC patients, as analyzed by Kaplan–Meier method. g High T:N expression ratio of CASC9 was associated with reduced survival. T:N, CASC9 expression ratio between tumor and adjacent normal tissue. h No significant association between CASC9 expression and survival was detected in normal tissues. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001