Fig. 3: PML1 promotes cancer cell stemness in ER+ breast cancer Cells.
A PML regulates a subset of CSC-related gene promoters, which are enriched in the Mammary_Stem_Cell_Up signature. PML knockdown in ER+ breast cancer cells leads to a significant decrease in the expression of several CSC-related genes (B), while PML1 overexpression enhances stemness-related gene expression in MCF-7 cells (C). PML knockdown reduces the population of CSCs (D), while overexpression of exogenous PML1 increases the CSC population in ER+ breast cancer cells (E). PML knockdown reduces tertiary mammosphere formation (F), a characteristic of CSCs, whereas PML1 overexpression enhances tertiary mammosphere formation (G). F PML knockdown reduces the population of ALDHhigh cells, indicating decreased stem cell-like features (H), while PML1 overexpression increases the ALDHhigh cell population in ER+ breast cancer cells (I). The data (B–G) were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, and data (H–I) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, with all experiments conducted with three biological replicates.
