Fig. 1: Tan IIA inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.

a Chemical structure of Tan IIA. b Viability of MCF-7 cells following Tan IIA treatment at the specified concentrations for 12, 24, and 48 h, respectively. Data shown are mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. **p < 0.01 when compared to the untreated control. c Quantification of annexin V-FITC/PI stained MCF-7 cells by flow cytometry to determine the extent of apoptosis following Tan IIA treatment. d Morphological changes of MCF-7 cells after treatment with Tan IIA (magnification, 100×). “C” represents control and 20 μM Tan IIA. e Effect of Tan IIA on the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, cleaved PARP, and cleaved c-caspase 3) in MCF-7 cells, detected by western blot. The loading control is β-actin