Fig. 3: Overexpression of PARK2 inhibits osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion and promotes osteosarcoma cell apoptosis in vitro.

The wound-healing assay showed that the area of co-colonization in the PARK2 group was lower than the NC group (a). The migration (b) and invasion (c) ability of HOS and U2OS cells were significantly attenuated in the PARK2 group relative to the NC group, which was evaluated using a Transwell assay. An immunofluorescence assay showed that the ratios of karyopycnosis, nuclear fragmentation, and apoptotic body formation in the PARK2 group were greater than in the NC group (d). A flow cytometry assay indicated that the percent of total apoptotic cells significantly increased in the PARK2 group (e). A western blot assay revealed the level of protein caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 increased and the level of protein bcl-2 decreased in the PARK2 group compared with the NC group (f). Magnification, ×40 (a), ×200 (b, c), ×200 (d). Scale bar, 500 μm (a), 200 μm (b, c), 100 μm (d). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Each assay was repeated three times