Fig. 4: KLC4 knockdown generates mitochondrial dysfunction.

a R-H460 cells were stained with the KLC4 and MitoTracker Red, a mitochondrial marker, and imaged by confocal microscopy. b, c KLC4 siRNA-treated cells were analyzed by FACS analysis using MitoTracker Green and Red staining. In b, gated cells showed brighter staining with MitoTracker Green, indicating mitochondrial swelling. d–f R-H460 and A549 cells were treated with KLC4 siRNA, and the OCR was measured using a Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Spare respiratory capacity e was calculated from the mean of three baseline readings. ATP production rate (f) was calculated from the OCR measured in the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer by the following equat ion: ATP production rate = OCR × 4.6 + PPR x 1. The independent biological experiments were repeated at least three times. Data are represented as the mean ± S.D. from 6 or 7 Seahorse microplate wells. All data are shown as the mean ± S.D. of at least three independent experiments. The P-values were calculated using unpaired Student’s t-test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.005; ***P < 0.001