Fig. 4: MFF/Drp1 pathway has an important role in iron overload-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in MSCs.

a, b Total protein levels of MFF, p-MFF-ser155, Drp1 and mitochondrial protein levels of p-Drp1-ser616, p-Drp1-ser637 were analysed by western blotting after treatment with FAC, FAC + DFO, FAC + NAC or FAC + Catalase in MSCs. c Total protein expression of MFF, p-MFF-ser155, Drp1, LC3, Beclin-1, ATG5, ATG7 and mitochondrial protein expression of p-Drp1-ser616, p-Drp1-ser637 in control shRNA MSCs or MFF shRNA MSCs before and after adding FAC. d Quantification of the mitochondrial morphology of cells shown in (Supplementary Figure S4c). A total of 100 cells in each experimental group were observed. e The apoptotic rate of MSCs was tested by Annexin V/PI dual staining. f Cell viability of MSCs was evaluated by a haemocytometer at 24, 48 and 72 h of culture. The results were presented as mean ± SD from at least three independent experiments. *p ≤ 0.05, ***p ≤ 0.001