Fig. 8: TAK1-medidated AMPK activation circumvents mTOR activity induced by S. Typhimurium.

HeLa cells were pretreated with CC (1 μM) or 5Z (0.5 μM), or transiently transfected with control or TAK1 siRNA for 48 h. The cells were left uninfected or infected with S. Typhimurium (10 MOI). After incubation for 2 h, the cell lysates were prepared and analyzed for the phosphorylation of ULK1S757, S6K1, S6, and 4E-BP (a, c) by western blot with the indicated antibodies. Relative phosphorylation levels were analyzed by quantification of the density of the protein bands with NIH Image-J software and presented as bar graphs. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, compared to uninfected control; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, compared to S. Typhimurium infection