Fig. 5: β-DG binds to the rDNA gene regulatory region and knockdown of DG expression alters rRNA expression.

a Total RNA was isolated from control shRNA and DG shRNA stably transfected cells and the expression of 18 S and 28 S pre-rRNAs was assessed by qRT-PCR using GAPDH as endogenous control. The expression levels obtained in control shRNA cells were set at 1 for comparison. Data correspond to the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments with duplicates; p values denoted significant differences (unpaired t-test). b Wild-type and DG knockout C2C12 cells were subjected to chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with antibody anti-β-DG (MANDAG), followed by PCR assays for the promoter, 5.8 S and IGS (intergenic sequence) regions of rDNA gene. ChIP assays using anti-PolI antibody were carried out in wildtype C2C12 cells as positive control. The drawing at the top shows the organization of the rDNA gene (bottom panel). IgG0 nonspecific antibodies, (-) mock reaction without antibodies