Fig. 6: Autophagy precedes apoptosis following ALV-J infection or the overexpression of GADD45β. | Cell Death & Disease

Fig. 6: Autophagy precedes apoptosis following ALV-J infection or the overexpression of GADD45β.

From: ALV-J inhibits autophagy through the GADD45β/MEKK4/P38MAPK signaling pathway and mediates apoptosis following autophagy

Fig. 6

a, b Autophagy, but not apoptosis, was detected within 4 h of ALV-J infection or GADD45β overexpression. The expression levels of relevant important autophagy proteins and signaling pathway proteins (gp37, LC3B, SQSTM1, Atg5, p38, JNK, p38, and p-JNK) were detected using western blotting following ALV-J infection or GADD45β overexpression for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 h. c, d Caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity assay kits were used to analyze caspase-3 and caspase-8 enzyme activities in DF-1 cells or CEF cells following ALV-J infection or GADD45β overexpression for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 h. e As discovered through TEM analysis, autophagic compartments (autophagosomes and autolysosomes), but not apoptotic features, were present 4 h after ALV-J infection or GADD45β overexpression. However, after ALV-J infection or GADD45β overexpression for 12 h, not only were autophagic compartments present, but apoptotic features were also observed in some DF-1 cells. Red arrow indicates an autophagosome or autolysosome. Yellow arrows denote the abnormal morphology of the nuclear membrane.

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