Fig. 6: Enhanced antitumor activity of engineered human B cells via an antibody-mediated PD-1 blockade.

a The strategy of detecting antitumor activity of engineered human B cells secreting α-PD-1 mAb in tumor-xenogenic humanized mice models. 1 × 106 A375 melanoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously into the NSG mice, after which they were randomly sorted into four groups. Xenografted NSG mice were treated with engineered primary B cells, untransduced primary B cells, nivolumab, or isotype control. Nivolumab and isotype control were administrated three times a week. b Analysis of A375 melanoma xenografts growth. Tumor growth was evaluated at indicated time points (four mice in each group). c, d Representative flow cytometric analysis (c) and proportion (d) of tumor-infiltrating hCD4+ T cells, hCD8+ T cells and hCD25+ Foxp3+ Treg population. e The ratio of hCD8+ T cells/hTregs from data shown in d. f The serum hIFN-γ levels were measured by ELISA. The results in panels b, d–f are presented as mean ± SEM. Data shown are representative of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ns, no significant difference; one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests (b, d–f) were used.