Fig. 2: M1 induces ICD and endows tumors with an inflammatory gene signature. | Cell Death & Disease

Fig. 2: M1 induces ICD and endows tumors with an inflammatory gene signature.

From: Intravenous injection of the oncolytic virus M1 awakens antitumor T cells and overcomes resistance to checkpoint blockade

Fig. 2

A The B16F10 cell line was treated with ctrl or M1 (multiplicity of infection (MOI) = 1), and ATP secretion into the supernatant, which was collected at the indicated hours post infection (h.p.i), was detected with an ATP detection kit. n = 3. P values were determined by a two-tailed Student’s t test. B The B16F10 cell line was treated with ctrl or M1 (MOI = 1) for 24 h, and CRT exposure was examined by flow cytometry. n = 3. P value was determined by a two-tailed Student’s t test. C B16F10 cells were treated with M1 (MOI = 1), and relative cell viability was determined by an MTT assay at the indicated h.p.i. n = 3. Following one-way ANOVA, Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test was performed to compare the mean of each group with the mean of the 0 h.p.i groups. D RM-1 cells were treated with ctrl or M1 (MOI = 1), and ATP secretion into the supernatant, which was collected at the indicated h.p.i., was detected with an ATP detection kit. n = 3. The P value was determined by a two-tailed Student’s t test. E RM-1 cells were treated with ctrl or M1 (MOI = 1) for 36 h, and CRT exposure was examined by flow cytometry. n = 4. The P value was determined by a two-tailed Student’s t test. F RM-1 cells were treated with M1(MOI = 1), and relative cell viability was determined by an MTT assay at the indicated h.p.i. n = 3. Following one-way ANOVA, Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test was performed to compare the mean of each group with the mean of the 0 h.p.i groups. G–J C57BL/6 mice were implanted subcutaneously in the right flank with B16F10 cells on day 0 and treated intravenously with ctrl (n = 4) or M1 (n = 4) (1 × 107 pfu) once per day on days 6–10. The tumors were harvested on day 12, the total RNA was extracted, and RNA sequencing was then performed. GSEA results for the inflammatory response (G), IFN-αresponse (H), IFN-γ response (I), and TNF-α response (J) are shown. MFI mean fluorescence intensity. Data are reported as the mean ± SD. n.s. not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. See also Supplementary Fig. S2.

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