Fig. 7: Schematic summary of the miRNA-9-5p/Thbs-2/Notch pathway. | Cell Death & Disease

Fig. 7: Schematic summary of the miRNA-9-5p/Thbs-2/Notch pathway.

From: Downregulation of microRNA-9-5p promotes synaptic remodeling in the chronic phase after traumatic brain injury

Fig. 7

The neurovascular unit (NVU) is reconstructed by brain microvascular endothelial cell, astrocyte, and neuron. Transfection of microRNA-9-5p (miRNA-9-5p) inhibitor blocks the inhibitory effect of miRNA-9-5p on thrombospondin 2 (Thbs-2), which promotes the expression of Thbs-2 protein in astrocytes and increases the concentration of Thbs-2 protein between neurons. Moreover, Thbs-2 promotes the activation of Notch pathway for neuron, which blocks the inhibitory effect of cylindromatosis (CYLD) on transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and promotes the phosphorylation of TAK1 (p-TAK1). The p-TAK1 promotes the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT), and activates the ERK and AKT pathways, which promotes the expression of neuronal synapse protein including post-synaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and synaptotagmin.

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