Fig. 4: In vivo blockade of ADM significantly reduced inflammation and IFN-γ-producing T-cell responses in the stomach during H. pylori infection.

a ADM mRNA expression in gastric mucosa of H. pylori-infected patients with normal gastric histopathology (n = 25), or with mild (n = 17), moderate (n = 17), and severe inflammation (n = 11) was compared. b Histological scores of inflammation in gastric antra of WT H. pylori-infected mice injected with Abs against ADM or the corresponding control IgG on day 21 p.i. were compared. H&E staining, scale bars: 100 µ. c The IFN-γ-producing T-cell responses in gastric mucosa of WT H. pylori-infected mice injected with Abs against ADM or the corresponding control IgG on day 21 p.i. were compared. d The IFN-γ production in gastric mucosa of WT H. pylori-infected mice injected with Abs against ADM or the corresponding control IgG on day 21 p.i. was compared. e The bacterial colonization in gastric mucosa of WT H. pylori-infected mice injected with Abs against ADM or the corresponding control IgG on day 21 p.i. was compared. The horizontal bars in panels a–e represent mean values. Each dot in panels a–e represents one patient or mouse. **P < 0.01 for groups connected by horizontal lines compared.