Fig. 6: ATF3 regulates the cell cycle of hESCs.

A GSEA results showed that the cell cycle term was activated in the endometrium of RIF patients (NES: 1.644476, P = 1.023820e−03). B. MKI67 staining was used to measure the proliferation of stromal cells in the endometrium of RIF patients and fertile controls (ST, stromal cells, GE, glandular epithelium, bar = 50 µm, n = 5). C immunofluorescence was performed to determine the expression of ATF3 and MKI67 in endometrium from fertile controls and RIF patients. D The cell cycle-regulated genes were measured by qPCR in the endometrium of RIF patients and fertile controls, n = 6. E TC-seq analysis was performed to analyze the DEGs in the control, decidualization, and siATF3+decidualization groups. Genes in clusters 1 and 6 were upregulated by siATF3, while those in cluster 2 were downregulated. F The correlation of ATF3 expression and CDKN1A. G hESCs were treated with Ad-ATF3-His or Ad-LacZ, and a CCK-8 assay was performed to detect the cell proliferation rate. H Genes related to cell proliferation and decidualization change regularly during in vitro-induced decidualization.