Fig. 4: Sodium butyrate promotes B10 cell functions.
A Inhibition of T cell proliferation by B cells. B cells isolated with CD19 microbeads were treated by LPS with or without sodium butyrate for 2 days and then washed twice with PBS before coculture for 72 h (100 or 200 × 103) with fresh splenocytes (100 × 103) at a ratio of 1:1 or 2:1 in a plate coated with CD3e and CD28 antibody. The left panel shows the representative FACS plots of T cells and the right panel shows the statistical results. B Inhibition of DSS-induced colitis by i.p. injection of NaBu daily with the same procedure as in Fig. 3E. The severity of colitis was evaluated by DAI scores and examination of histological colon sections (H&E stained). C Upregulation of Treg by NaBu in lymphocytes from peripheral blood, spleen, and LN of mice in (B). D Inhibition of DSS-induced colitis by i.p. injection (green arrows) of CD19+ B cells pretreated with NaBu for 48 h as shown in the schematic diagram. The severity of colitis was evaluated by DAI scores and examination of histological colon sections (H&E stained). E Upregulation of Treg by Breg transfer in lymphocytes from the spleen and LN of mice in (D). F Inhibition of CIA by NaBu treatment with the same procedure as in Fig. 3C. Scale bar represents 200 μm in each microscopy image. The data are presented as mean ± SD from at least six mice in each group or three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 compared to the healthy group (B), Breg (D), or as indicated.
