Fig. 5: STEAP2 inhibit PTC progression through blocking hedgehog signaling pathway and EMT.

A GSVA analysis showed that hedgehog signaling pathway and EMT in PTC with STEAP2-low expression compared with those with STEAP2-high expression was identified as the top three activation pathways based on TCGA analysis (red bar: acitivated pathways in STEAP2- low expression tissues; blue bar: In-citivated pathways in STEAP2- low expression tissues). B Effect of STEAP2 activation on the expression of Hedgehog signaling pathway-related proteins (SMO, Gli1, and PTCH1) in PTC cells. C Representative western blots showing changes in EMT markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, snail, vimentin, and β-catenin) in PTC cells after STEAP2 activation. Protein expression levels of Hedgehog signaling pathway-related proteins (Smo, Gli1 and PTCH1) (D) and the EMT markers (E-cadherin and N-cadherin) (E) in xenograft tumors were determined by IHC. All data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.