Fig. 6: Exosomes derived from LGG patients increase neuronal excitability and disrupt synchrony.

Network-wide and single-cell electrophysiological phenotype of neurons treated with exosomes from LGG patients (A: S479; B: S226; C: S58). Raster plots from MEA recordings and correlation coefficients among spike times are shown in the upper panels, before (Ctr, black) and 24 h after exosome incubation (Exo, blue). The y axes on the raster plots represent channels’ numbers. The average correlation values across 10 channels were calculated and their distribution compared using Wilcoxon–Mann test; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001; n = 12, average of 10 channels. In the lower panels, raster plots of single-cell activity are shown for neurons treated with patients’ exosomes and the respective controls. The distributions of firing rate (Hz) and resting membrane potentials (RMP) are shown; statistics were performed using the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney U test; *p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001; n = 9/15 for S479, 5/7 for S226, 4/7 for S58 (neurons analyzed in Ctr/Exo samples, respectively).