Fig. 2: Nintedanib induces apoptotic cell death in senescent HDFs.
From: Nintedanib induces senolytic effect via STAT3 inhibition
A Senescent (S) and nonsenescent (NS) HDFs were treated with DMSO, nintedanib (5 μM), or ABT263 (5 μM) for three days, and flow cytometry analysis was performed using Annexin V/PI staining to identify apoptotic cells. n = 4. B Senescent (S) and nonsenescent (NS) HDFs were treated with DMSO, nintedanib (5 μM), or ABT263 (5 μM) for three days, and then western blot assays using anti-caspase-9, anti-caspase-3, anti-caspase-7, and anti-caspase-8 antibodies were performed to investigate the apoptotic pathways involved in the senolytic effect. n = 4–10. C Venn diagram (top left) showing the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in senescent cells treated with nintedanib (Group a) or treated with ABT263 (Group b). A Gene Ontology biological process (GOBP) analysis (top right, bottom left and bottom right) of each set (a∩b, a-b, and b-a, respectively). The data normalized to those for DMSO-treated cells are shown as the mean ± S.D. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test.
