Fig. 2: Adipogenic induction of non-myogenic mesenchymal cells.

A Representative picture of non-myogenic mesenchymal cells treated with adipogenic medium and analysed for intracellular lipid droplet formation with oil red O staining at day 0 (T0, when the proliferative medium was replaced with the adipogenic medium) and 14 days (T14) after the start of differentiation (×10 magnification). B Lipid droplets were quantified using ImageJ software and the results are reported in the graph bar as mean ± SD. P values were assessed by ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test; *p < 0.05. C–E Relative expression analysis of PPARG, FABP4, and ADIPOQ evaluated by RT-qPCR, at day 0 and after 7 and 14 days of adipogenic induction. The relative quantity (RQ) was calculated according to the 2^−ΔΔCt method normalised to ACTB expression, and the day 0 value of control mesenchymal cells was set as a reference for each experimental group. Data are presented as mean ± SD. P values were assessed by ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test; *p < 0.05 versus control T0; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01; ^###p < 0.001.