Fig. 5: ML323 increases sensitivity to anticancer drugs-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells.

A, B Caki-1 cells were treated with a combination of 1 μM doxorubicin, 3 μg/mL etoposide, 30 μM cisplatin, 200 nM carboplatin, 50 ng/ml TRAIL, and 500 ng/mL anti-Fas in the presence or absence of 30 μM ML323 for 24 h. Cell viability was analyzed using the 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide (XTT) assay kit (A). C–E Caki-1 cells were treated with 30 μM ML323, 50 ng/mL TRAIL or combination for 24 h. Nuclear condensation was determined using DAPI staining. scale bar: 20 μm (D). DEVDase (caspase-3) colorimetric assay using DEVDase substrate (E). F Caki-1 cells were pretreated with 20 μM zVAD for 30 min and then treated with combination of 30 μM ML323 and 50 ng/mL TRAIL for 24 h. G, H Cancer (G) or normal cell (H) lines were treated with 30 μM ML323, 50 ng/mL TRAIL or combination for 24 h. Cell morphology was assessed using a microscope. scale bar: 50 μm (H). The sub-G1 population and protein expression were determined using flow cytometry and western blotting, respectively (B, C, F–H). Values in the graphs (A–C, E–H) represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *P < 0.01 compared to the control. #P < 0.01 compared to combination of ML323 and TRAIL.