Fig. 6: Cardiolipin (CL) peroxidation induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis.

A–D lipidomic analysis at 1 day after SCI showed that XJB-5-131 (XJB, 10 mg/kg) attenuated SCI-induced mitochondrial 4-HNE expression (A), oxidized CL (B), CL loss (C), and lyso-CL (D) in adult rats. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (One-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, n = 4 rats/group). Data represent mean ± s.e.m. E–H XJB attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction (E), cytochrome c release (F), Smac/DIABLO release (G), and active caspase-3 expression (H) at 1 day after SCI in adult rats. Data represent mean ± s.e.m. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (One-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, n = 4–6 rats/group).