Fig. 7: A scheme shown the role of PNO1 on the regulation of ferroptosis in HCC.

PNO1 induced autophagy promotes the accumulation of intracellular glutamate, which enhanced the system Xc- activity followed upregulating cysteine level. This leads to GSH metabolism biosynthesis and finally inhibit ferroptosis. PNO1 suppression downregulates the accumulation of GSH and induces ferroptosis in HCC.