Fig. 2: Genetic deletion of hepatic PDE4D improved the metabolic abnormalities induced by HFD.

A The protein levels of PDE4D in liver (left), epididymal fat (center), and gastrocnemius muscle (right) tissue of WT and PDE4D-LKO mice. B Body weight curves of WT and PDE4D-LKO mice during 16 weeks of HFD consumption. C Liver weight of the two groups of mice at week 16. D Epididymal fat weight of the two groups of mice at week 16. E Fasting blood glucose of the two groups of mice at week 16. F, G GTT (F) and ITT (G) were performed in the WT and PDE4D-LKO groups at week 16, and the AUCs of GTT and ITT were calculated. H Phosphorylation of AKT in liver (left), epididymal fat (center), and gastrocnemius muscle (right) after mice were injected with insulin for 15 min (n = 6). Data are shown as the means ± SEMs. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 by two-tailed Student’s t test.