Fig. 7: SYVN1 contributes to the progression of LUAD.

A, B Comparison of SYVN1 expression in tumour and matched adjacent normal tissues in LUAD (E) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (F) by paired t test (***P < 0.001). C, D Correlation analysis between SYVN1 expression and pathological grading of patients with LUAD (C) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (D) by the Mann‒Whitney test (***P < 0.001). E The expression of SYVN1 in adjacent normal tissues and LUAD tissues with different pathological grades was determined by IHC staining; scale bar, 50 μm. F The expression of SYVN1 in adjacent normal tissues and lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues was determined by IHC staining; scale bar, 50 μm. G, H Overall survival rates of patients with low and high SYVN1 expression were determined in LUAD (G) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (H) by Kaplan‒Meier analysis. I, J KM plot analysis indicates the importance of SYVN1 expression in determining the prognosis of patients with LUAD (I) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (J) using KM plotter (https://kmplot.com/). K, L Overall survival rates of individuals with low and high SYVN1 (K) and MCT4 (L) expression levels were determined using TCGA datasets. M IHC staining of LUAD tissues with low and high SYVN1 expression. The ubiquitylation of MCT4 was detected by an in-situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) in LUAD tissues. Scale bar, 50 μm. N Lactate levels were determined by NMR analysis in tumour tissues with low and high SYVN1 expression. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (*P < 0.05, two-tailed unpaired t test). O The PLA signal represents the intensity of the ubiquitylation of MCT4 in LUAD tissues (**P < 0.01, n = 5, two-tailed unpaired t test).