Fig. 4: Dietary LCFAs upregulated the phosphorylation of STAT3 in vivo.

A IHC staining of colonic specimens to assess the expression of p-STAT3^Y705 in patients with UC compared to healthy controls. B Quantitative analysis of p-STAT3^Y705 IHC staining in UC and healthy control groups. C Western blotting was conducted to determine the levels of STAT3 and p-STAT3^Y705 in mice colonic tissues (Fig. 3). D IF staining of p-STAT3^Y705 was performed on mouse colonic tissue sections. E IHC staining of p-STAT3^Y705 was performed on mouse colonic tissue sections. NCM460 cells were stimulated with 1 μg mL⁻¹ LPS in combination with 200 μM PA, 100 μM SA, or BSA alone as a control for 24 h. F Western blotting was performed to assess the levels of STAT3 and p-STAT3^Y705 in the cells. G Western blotting to determine the levels of STAT3 and p-STAT3^Y705 in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the cells. H IF staining of STAT3 and p-STAT3^Y705. P values were determined by 2-tailed Student t test. ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05.