Fig. 4: Knockdown of PDPK1 phenocopies AXL inhibition in sorafenib-resistant HCC.

A WB analysis of p-PDPK1, nuclear p-p65, nuclear histone H3, and TNF-α in SoraRes HepG2 cells with PDPK1 knockdown upon sorafenib treatment. B ELISA quantification of secretory TNF-α in SoraRes HepG2 cells with PDPK1 knockdown upon sorafenib treatment. C Representative FACS plots (left) and percentages (right chart) of mitoSOX staining in SoraRes HepG2 cells with non-target control (shNTC) or PDPK1 knockdown (shPDPK1-C2 and shPDPK1-C5). D qRT-PCR quantification of mt16S, mtDloop, and mtCYTB levels in the cytosol extract of SoraRes HepG2 cells with PDPK1 knockdown upon sorafenib treatment. E WB analysis of STING pathway in SoraRes HepG2 cells with PDPK1 knockdown. F WB analysis of IFN-α in SoraRes HepG2 cells with PDPK1 knockdown upon sorafenib treatment. G ELISA quantification of secretory IFN-α in SoraRes HepG2 cells with PDPK1 knockdown upon sorafenib treatment. H qRT-PCR quantification of mt16S, mtDloop, and mtCYTB levels in the cytosol extract of SoraRes HepG2 cells with PDPK1 knockdown. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001; n.s. not significant on one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test.