Fig. 6: RC48 plus GEM treatment affected unique CRC-associated prognostic genes.

A Heatmap showing the mRNA levels of the top 100 genes (50 up or downregulated) after RC48 plus GEM combinational treatment (COM). The expression levels of each gene were normalized to the total mRNA abundance of each sample and compared with that of vehicle-treated group (VEH). B The top ranked positively and negatively enriched gene sets identified using GSEA in response to combinational treatment. GSEA was conducted with top common DEGs in P53R and RKO cells after combinational treatment using 50 HALLMARK gene sets database in MSigDB. C GSEA plots showing strong negative enrichment of the cell cycle, and positively enrichment of the P53 and FOXO pathway in P53R and RKO cells in response to combinational treatment. NES Normalized Enrichment Score, FDR false discovery rate. D, E Kaplan–Meier estimate of overall survival based on expression of DEGs (TCGA CRC Cohort). Relative high expression of IGF2BP3, PHF19, FUT11 and C2orf48 genes (D), and relative low expression of IL1B, GPA33, PPP1R14C and UGT2B7 (E) were associated with poor overall survival in CRC cohort. Log rank (Mantel–Cox) test was used for significance; p < 0.05 was considered significant.