Fig. 7: Potential mechanism of the antineoplastic role of PQR309 and gemcitabine in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

PQR309 sensitized NPC to gemcitabine by increasing caspase-dependent pathway apoptosis, blocking GSK-3β and STAT3/HSP60 signaling pathways, and inhibiting EMT. NPC Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; HSP60 Heat shock protein 60, EMT Epithelial-mesenchyme transition.