Fig. 4: Trim26 deficiency promotes M1 polarization and impedes M2 polarization in macrophages.

A, B Representative macrophages (F4/80+, CD11b+) were harvested from Trim26−/− and WT and AAV-TRIM26 mice 2 day after partial hepatectomy and the statistical quantification. C, D Representative macrophage (F4/80+, CD11b+) and (CD11b+, CD86+) profiles of CD45+ liver nonparenchymal cells harvested from Trim26−/− and WT mice were gated and tested on the second day after CCl4 treatment and the statistical quantification. E Schematic overview of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) induced polarization. BMDM were stimulated with a concentration of IL-4 (20 ng/mL) or LPS (100 ng/mL) and IFN-γ (20 ng/mL). F, G The expression of M1 macrophage markers, including IL-6, TNF-α, IL-β, iNOS, and CD86, as well as M2 macrophage markers (Fizzl, TGF-β, and TGM), was assessed using qPCR analysis. H RAW264.7 cells were transfected with control shRNA or shTrim26, and the expression of TRIM26 and cell cycle proteins was assessed by western blot. n = 3–9/group. (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001).