Fig. 4: ASAH1 inhibitor carmofur inhibits TNBC tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis in a subcutaneous xenograft model of TNBC.

A–G Firefly luciferase-labeled MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells were subcutaneously injected into the flanks of female NSG mice (n = 3). The mice were administered either vehicle or carmofur (20 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally every other day. The average tumor volume was assessed weekly and plotted (left). Tumor volume at week 1 and 10 are shown. Representative images of the tumors from mice after treatment with vehicle or carmofur at the endpoint is shown (right) (A, B). Mice injected with Firefly luciferase-labeled MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells subcutaneously and treated with either vehicle or carmofur (20 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally every other day and were assessed for tumor growth by IVIS imaging. Representative bioluminescence images of the mice at weeks 1 and 10 in the vehicle or carmofur treatment condition (C, D). Bioluminescence intensity from the mice at week 1 and 10 in the vehicle or carmofur treatment condition is presented (E). Bioluminescence images of the lungs obtained from vehicle-treated or carmofur-treated female NSG mice after either vehicle or carmofur treatment at the endpoint (F). Bioluminescence intensity measured from the lungs obtained from either the vehicle-treated or carmofur-treated female NSG mice at the endpoint, shown in (F) (G). Data represent the mean ± standard error for three biological replicates. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns not significant.