Fig. 5: STAT3/VEGF-A pathway contributes to ETHE1 downregulation-induced tumor angiogenesis.

A The protein level of VEGF-A, T-STAT3 and p-STAT3 was detected by IB assay in the indicated cells treated with or without STATTIC (10 μM, 48 h). B The mRNA level of VEGF-A detected by qRT-PCR assays in the indicated cells treated with or without STATTIC (10 μM, 48 h) (n = 3). C Quantitative analysis of Transwell cell migration assay in HUVECs treated with indicated CM (n = 3). D The viability of HUVECs treated with indicated CM was evaluated by using CCK8 assay (n = 3). E Representative images of tubule formation assay in HUVECs treated with indicated CM. Green scale bar, 100 μm. F Quantitative analysis of tubule formation assay in HUVECs treated with indicated CM (n = 3). G Tumor volumes were measured in xenografts generated from SW48 cells silenced with control (shNC) or ETHE1 shRNA#1, treated with either vesicle or STATTIC (3.75 mg/kg, every 2 days) via intratumoral injection (n = 5). H Tumor weights were measured in xenografts generated from SW48 cells silenced with control (shNC) or ETHE1 shRNA#1, treated with either vesicle or STATTIC (3.75 mg/kg, every 2 days) via intratumoral injection (n = 5). I IHC staining of xenograft tumors generated using anti-ETHE1, anti-p-STAT3, anti-VEGF-A, and anti-CD31 antibodies. Black scale bar, 50 μm. J Quantitative analysis of the Microvessel density of subcutaneous tumors according to the staining status of CD31 (n = 5). All immunoblots were performed three times, independently, with similar results. Data are represented as mean ± s.d. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, by (B, C, F, H, J) one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test and (D, G) two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test.