Fig. 1: Higher MSCs infiltrations and stromal scores were significantly associated with adverse pathological characteristics and poorer OS in bladder cancer patients.

Higher stromal score and MSCs infiltrations was significantly associated with a higher pathological grade (a), a higher clinical stage (b), a higher T status (c), and a higher lymph node stage(d). Higher MSCs infiltrations was significantly associated with a higher pathological grade (f), a higher clinical stage (g), a higher T status (h), and a higher lymph node stage (i). Kaplan–Meier curves indicated higher stromal scores and MSCs infiltrations were significantly associated with poorer OS in TCGA-BLCA datasets (e, j). Method for quantifying MSCs in primary human bladder cancer samples (k, l). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.