Table 2 Basal characteristics of CKD patients with or without VC according to the chest CT.

From: Lipocalin-2 promotes CKD vascular calcification by aggravating VSMCs ferroptosis through NCOA4/FTH1-mediated ferritinophagy

 

Total (n = 26)

No calcification (n = 13)

Calcification (n = 13)

P value

Age, years

55.77 ± 17.92

47.23 ± 20.03

64.31 ± 10.48

0.014

Sex

   

0.420

Male

16 (61.5%)

9 (69.2%)

7 (53.8%)

 

Female

10 (38.5%)

4 (30.8%)

6 (46.2%)

 

BMI, kg/m2

23.93 (21.64–25.38)

23.94 ± 3.67

24.21 (21.23–25.35)

0.980

Serum LCN2, ng/ml

1181.89 ± 598.85

544.82 (471.42–1431.58)

1540.25 ± 351.88

0.004

Haemoglobin, g/L

110.96 ± 21.14

122.16 ± 14.55

99.77 ± 21.15

0.004

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

12.43 (6.00–66.17)

58.16 ± 40.60

6.47 (5.80–12.43)

0.002

Urea, mmol/L

13.65 (7.85–23.20)

8.00 (5.75–13.35)

20.85 ± 8.00

0.001

Creatinine, mmol/L

385.50 (111.50–716.75)

112.00 (71.00–441.00)

630.62 ± 267.74

0.004

Ferritin, µg/L

83.48 (47.72–229.10)

99.06 (28.81–719.88)

79.67 (47.67–189.11)

0.805

Iron, µmol/L

11.32 ± 5.22

13.72 ± 6.94

10.21 ± 4.08

0.290

Unsaturated iron, µmol/L

32.40 (28.60–40.30)

28.85 (25.68–44.48)

37.57 ± 10.07

0.219

PTH, pg/mol

169.71 (32.38–336.24)

32.81 (30.00–137.00)

282.71 (148.73–368.26)

0.010

Calcium, mmol/L

2.14 (1.93–2.29)

2.15 ± 0.22

2.07 (1.86–2.28)

0.343

Phosphate, mmol/L

1.62 ± 0.60

1.31 ± 0.25

1.92 ± 0.70

0.009

Phosphate calcium

3.04 (2.47–3.99)

2.80 ± 0.56

4.00 ± 1.34

0.006

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

3.78 (2.45–5.24)

4.91 ± 2.25

3.43 ± 1.36

0.053

Triglycerides, mmol/L

1.49 (1.02–2.09)

1.44 ± 0.71

1.49 (1.37–2.04)

0.427

HDL cholesterol, mmol/L

1.04 (0.63–1.15)

1.25 ± 0.65

0.79 ± 0.25

0.025

LDL cholesterol, mmol/L

1.88 (1.08–3.57)

2.97 ± 1.76

1.65 ± 0.92

0.025

Lipoprotein A, mg/L

155.00 (66.50–493.50)

105.00 (64.50–434.00)

338.62 ± 289.13

0.590

Aortic arch calcium volume, cm3

0.54 (0.05–1.60)

0.06 (0.00–0.23)

1.60 (0.95–3.78)

<0.001

  1. The values are expressed as mean ± SD, median (25–75% quartiles) and n (%) for normally distributed continuous variables, skewed distributed continuous variables and categorical variables, respectively. Statistical significance was assessed via Student’s t test for normally distributed continuous variables or the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test for skewed distributed continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. Values with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant and are indicated in bold. The calcification volume was quantified by extracting the aortic arch calcium with density ≥130 HU from the volume-rendered image with the assistance of semiautomatic software.
  2. CKD chronic kidney disease, VC vascular calcification, SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index, LCN2 lipocalin-2, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, PTH parathyroid hormone, HDL-cholesterol high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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