Fig. 3: COX6A2 promotes the mitochondrial translocation of Bax and the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria in β-cells.
From: FXR-regulated COX6A2 triggers mitochondrial apoptosis of pancreatic β-cell in type 2 diabetes
A Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined in vector and COX6A2 overexpression INS-1 832/13 cells by JC-1. Bars represent means ± SEM, n = 3, Bars represent 20 μm. *p < 0.05 (t-test). B The distribution of cytochrome c in mitochondria and cytoplasm was determined in vector and COX6A2 overexpression INS-1 832/13 cells. Bars represent means ± SEM, n = 3. **p < 0.01 (t-test). C, D Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression was examined in vector and COX6A2 overexpression INS-1 832/13 cells (C), or scramble control and sh-Cox6a2 INS-1 832/13 cells treated with 0.4 mM PA for 48 h (D). n = 4 (vector and COX6A2). **p < 0.01 (t-test), n = 3 (scramble control and sh-Cox6a2). *p < 0.05 (t-test). E, F The protein expression of Bax was determined in islets from GK-AAV9-vector and GK-AAV9-Cox6a2-KO rats (E), and islets from Cox6a2+/+ and Cox6a2−/− mice fed with HFD (F). n = 3. **p < 0.01 (t-test). G The distribution of Bax in cytoplasm and mitochondria was determined in vector and COX6A2 overexpression INS-1 832/13 cells. Bars represent means ± SEM, n = 3 (cytoplasmic protein), n = 4 (mitochondrial protein). **p < 0.01 (t-test). H Representative immunostaining images for mitochondria (red), Bax (green), and DAPI (blue) in vector and COX6A2 overexpression INS-1 832/13 cells; n = 3, Bars represent 10 μm.
