Fig. 1: Reduced expression of MAPK4 in B Cells of Rheumatoid Arthritis patients and mouse models.

A, B Flow cytometric analysis of B cell subsets in HCs and newly diagnosed RA patients (n = 8). C, D Proportion of CD21low cells in B cells from HCs and newly diagnosed RA patients (n = 8). E, F MAPK4 expression detected by flow cytometry in lymphocytes, CD3+ T cells, and CD19+ B cells from HCs and newly diagnosed RA patients (n = 5). G Western blot analysis of MAPK4 expression in B cells from HCs and newly diagnosed RA patients. H Comparison of MFI of pY between RA patients and HCs after in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood B cells with sAg at different time points (n = 4). I Schematic illustration of the development of a CIA mouse model. J Images of paws and H&E staining of knee joints from WT and CIA mice. Scale bar = 100 μm. K Western Blot analysis of MAPK4 expression in B cells from WT and CIA mice. L Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the levels of pBTK, pAKT, pS6, and pSHIP1 in B cells from WT and CIA mice following in vitro stimulation with sAg at different time points, using β-ACTIN as a control. The data are presented as mean ± SEM. Representative blots from three independent experiments are shown. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.