Fig. 1: Hyperglycemia-induced REDD1 expression was associated with increased renal immune cell infiltration in diabetic mice.

Diabetes was induced in mice by administration of streptozotocin (STZ). Analyses were performed 16 weeks after administration of STZ or vehicle (Veh). Hyperglycemia was controlled by daily administration of dapagliflozin (DG) beginning 14 weeks after diabetes induction. As a control for DG intervention, diabetic mice were administered a vehicle containing 0.1% DMSO. A Fasting blood glucose concentrations were measured. Arrow indicates the initiation of DG/DMSO intervention. B REDD1 and actin protein abundance was assessed in kidney cortical tissue homogenates by western blotting. Representative blots are shown. Protein molecular mass is indicated at right of each blot. Individual data points are plotted with values presented as means ± SD (n = 3–4). C F4/80 positive immune cells were identified in renal sections by immunohistochemistry (brown). Nuclei were counterstained with hematoxylin (HT, blue). Representative micrographs are shown (scale bar 50 µm). D F4/80 positive cells were quantified in 20 fields per section. Data distribution is represented by violin plot. Differences between groups were identified by one-way ANOVA. *p < 0.05 versus Veh; #p < 0.05 versus DMSO.