Fig. 4: Analysis of oxidative stress.

Total intracellular glutathione (A), total ROS (B), and cytosolic superoxide anion (O2-) content (C). Data represented the mean of at least three independent experiments and results are shown as the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 (One-way ANOVA test with Tukey’s correction). Representative Western blot (D) and the expression level of SOD1 (16 kDa) (E) and SOD2 (22 kDa) (F) and their expression levels in unrelated controls and TARDBP-ALS family fibroblasts compared to loading control (Vinculin 121 kDa).