Fig. 3: Targeted analysis of inflammatory response at disease onset in D2-mdx and B10-mdx hearts.

A qRT-PCR analysis of a distinct cohort of D2-mdx and B10-mdx hearts to assess the expression of inflammatory genes identified by RNAseq analysis cohort to be differentially expressed. Transcripts include top dysregulated genes involved in leukocyte activation, migration and chemotaxis and regulation of inflammatory response and leukocyte-mediated immunity (Ccl3, Ccl8, Stab2, Adam8, Trem2, Il7r). Relative gene expression values normalized to internal Hprt transcript levels. B qRT-PCR analysis of a distinct cohort of D2-mdx and B10-mdx hearts to assess inflammatory genes that show broad dysregulation of neutrophil and macrophage response in juvenile D2-mdx hearts (Il1b, Lgals3, Arg1, Fpr1, Fpr2, Anxa1). Relative gene expression values normalized to internal Hprt transcript levels. C, D Images showing immunostaining for pan-macrophage marker, F4/80 (green), and pro-inflammatory, pathogenic macrophage marker, GAL-3 (red), in juvenile D2-mdx (C) and B10-mdx (D). Data represent median ± IQR from n = 7−9 hearts per cohort. Statistical analyses performed using non-parametric Mann–Whitney test; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. For age-matched WT controls, refer to Supplementary Fig. 4.