Fig. 3: Mdivi-1 promotes cardiac differentiation of human iPSCs.

a Schematic of the embryoid body-based cardiac differentiation protocol. b Effect of Mdivi-1 on the percentage of beating EBs (n = 7–8 independent experiments). c Percentage of cardiac troponin T-positive cells in each beating EB at day 10 post-plating (n = 8–10 independent experiments). d–f mRNA expression of cardiac mesoderm transcription factors (d), cardiac muscle proteins (e) and mitochondrial fusion and fission protein (f) (n = 4 independent experiments) in iPS-Foreskin-2 cells treated with DMSO (control) or 5 µM Mdivi-1 for 6 days during embryoid body formation. Changes in the beating rate of cardiomyocytes derived from control or Mdivi-1 groups treated with isoproterenol hydrochloride (isoprenaline, 1–1000 nM) (g) or carbamylcholine (carbachol, 1–1000 nM) (h) (n = 10 independent experiments). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 and ***P < 0.001 vs. control (a–f) or baseline (g, h) by one-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni post hoc test