Fig. 1: HK-2 cells grown in osteogenic medium exhibit multilayer growth with multicellular aggregates or nodules displaying dense deposits.

a Phase-contrast inverted microscope images of cells grown in DMEM/HAM’S-F12 supplemented with 10% HI-FBS or NH OsteoDiff medium. The images are representative of three separate experiments. Bar = 100 μm. b Proliferation curve of HK-2 cells grown in standard and osteogenic conditions. Data are presented as mean ± SD of three separate experiments. *p < 0.05 cell number on day 4 in NH OsteoDiff medium vs cell number on day 4 in DMEM/HAM’S-F12, **p < 0.001 cell number on day 7 in NH OsteoDiff medium vs cell number on day 7 in DMEM/HAM’S-F12