Fig. 5: Downregulated cell surface TLR4 expression inhibits LPS-induced PARP-1 activation.

BMDM cells were untreated or primed with LPS (1 μg ml–1) for 12 h. a Western blot analysis of TLR4 from WT and TLR4–/– mice BMDM cells. b PARP-1 and GAPDH protein levels. c Mensuration of PARP-1 expressions. d WT and TLR4–/– BMDM cells were treated with LPS for 6 h following by real-time PCR analysis of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression. e BMDM cells were treated with LPS for 24 h followed by flow cytometry analysis of cell death. f, h ROS production was measured with DCFH2-DA by FACS analysis. g, i Mean fluorescence intensity of ROS production. Error bars represent SD (n = 3). †P < 0.05 as compared with TLR4–/– + LPS group.