Fig. 4: PP inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway within the GBM cells.

A The PP role in β-catenin protein level was measured through western blotting. B Expression of β-catenin in the cytoplasm or nucleus was examined by western blotting following PP treatment at different contents. C β-catenin expression within LN18 and T98G cells following 2.0 μM PP treatment examined by immunofluorescence. The scale bar is 20 µm. D TCF/LEF-dependent luciferase activity was measured following PP treatment for 24 h (n = 3). The results were presented in the manner of mean ± SD. ***p < 0.005; ****p < 0.001.