Fig. 8: WWP1 promoted ICC proliferation and migration via negative regulation of NDFIP1.

A HuCCT1 cells were transfected with WWP1 siRNA and NDFIP1 siRNA, then western blotting was used to detect the efficiency of transfection. B–D HuCCT1 cells were transfected with WWP1 siRNA and NDFIP1 siRNA, B EdU assay, C CCK-8 assay, and D colony formation assay were applied to estimate the proliferation of HuCCT1, n = 3. E HuCCT1 cells were transfected with indicated siRNA. Transwell assays were performed to detect the migration of HuCCT1, n = 3. F Images of WWP1 protein levels and NDFIP1protein levels in 4 identical ICC tumors and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues by western blotting assays. G A proposed model of how WWP1 regulates the ICC progression: MYC upregulates WWP1 in ICC cells, thereby targeting NDFIP1 for ubiquitination and degradation to promote ICC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.