Fig. 8: Working model for IL-37D-mediated sST2 inhibition in promoting WAT type 2 immune homeostasis.

IL-37D inhibits sST2 production from ADSCs through IL-1R8-dependent NF-κB inactivation, which promotes IL-33/ST2 signaling to boost type 2 immune homeostasis in WAT characterized by amplification of ST2+ type immune cells and increase of type 2 cytokines, thereby providing protection against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance through WAT beiging and inflammation resolution.