Fig. 3: RAD18-induced stemness in TNBC are mediated by Hippo-YAP pathway. | Cell Death Discovery

Fig. 3: RAD18-induced stemness in TNBC are mediated by Hippo-YAP pathway.

From: A positive feedback loop: RAD18-YAP-TGF-β between triple-negative breast cancer and macrophages regulates cancer stemness and progression

Fig. 3

RAD18 enhances TNBC cell stemness through the Hippo-YAP pathway. A RAD18 was significantly positive correlated with YAP in TNBC according to Timer software (rho = 0.465, p = 1.16e-11). B Knockdown of RAD18 reduced the mRNA level of YAP through qRT-PCR. C Western blot analysis of the expression levels of Hippo-YAP pathway proteins including MST1/2, LATS1, p-LATS1, p-YAP S127, YAP (in total, cytoplasm and nucleus) in shNC and shRAD18 TNBC cell lines. GAPDH levels served as a loading control. D Representative fluorescence confocal microscopy images analyzing the YAP (red) expression in shNC and shRAD18 groups as indicated. Nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). E–G The tumor sphere forming (E), stemness-related proteins levels (F), and CD44+/CD24− population percentages (G) in the shNC groups treated with verteporfin for 24 h and the shNC/shRAD18 groups treated with YAP overexpression plasmid were performed to determine cell stemness. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. All experiments were performed independently at least three times.

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