Table 2 SAA in patient managements of inflammatory bowel disease.

 23 healthy controls;

8 controls with non-IBD disease;

67 UC

–

Biopsies come from the terminal ileum, ascending colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon

Fold change: 8.18

[87]

 21 healthy controls;

106 UC

–

Biopsies come from mucosa

AUC = 0.8097

[88]

 27 healthy controls;

105 IBD

–

Biopsies come from colon, inflamed ileum and inflamed rectum

Fold change >1.5

[89]

 20 healthy controls;

118 IBD

–

Serum samples

Higher SAA concentration in IBD patients (P = 0.005)

[90]

 55 CD

Clinical remission: CDAI <150

Serum SAA concentration

Tenfolds lower in remission

[91]

 43 CD; 52 UC

Clinical activity: HBI >4

SAA concentration

Fourfolds higher in activity

[92]

 55 CD

Endoscopic remission: SES-CD ≤3

Serum SAA concentration

AUC = 0.77

[91]

 94 CD

Endoscopic remission: no intestinal mucosal inflammatory findings

Serum SAA concentration

AUC = 0.77

[93]

 108 UC

Mucosa healing: MES 0 or 1;

Complete mucosal healing: MES 0

Serum SAA concentration

Complete mucosal healing: AUC = 0.794

[94]

 36 CD;

35 UC

Endoscopic remission: CD: SES-CD 0-3; UC: MES = 0

Serum SAA, IL-6, IL-8, and Eotaxin-1

AUC = 0.84

[90]

 94 CD

Histologic remission: no lamina propria neutrophils, lymphoid aggregation and basal plasmacytosis

Serum SAA concentration

AUC = 0.81

[93]

 41 CD

Relapse: CDAI ≥150

Serum SAA concentration ≥5.9 μg/dl

SAA concentration ≥5.9 μg/dl is associated with a higher rate of relapse

[91]

 32 UC

Endoscopic remission: MES 0 or 1

Serum SAA concentration

Lower SAA concentration at week 14 is associated with endoscopic remission

[96]