Fig. 2: Hsp27 promotes glycolysis by regulating PFKFB3 via NF-κB.

A Schematic representation of upregulated glycolytic pathway enzymes. B Relative mRNA expression levels of PFKFB3, HK3, TP53, and PFKL detected using qRT-PCR in Hsp27 knockdown cardiomyocytes after 12 h of culture under hypoxic conditions. C, D Seahorse XF assay measuring the ECAR of cardiomyocytes cultured with or without PFKFB3 knockdown under control and hypoxic conditions for 12 h. E ATP levels in the cardiomyocytes. F Luciferase activity analysis in cells following co-transfection with luciferase reporters containing the NF-κB mimic and PFKFB3-wt. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). #P < 0.05 vs. the PFKFB3-wt group. G Statistical analysis of relative nuclear NF-κB content in cardiomyocytes. H Detection of IKK activity in cardiomyocytes cultured with or without Hsp27 knockdown and subjected to hypoxia for 12 h. I Immunoprecipitation using control IgG or anti-Hsp27 in 12-h hypoxic cardiomyocytes. Immunoblotting of precipitates for p-IKKα and Hsp27. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6). #P < 0.05 vs. Control group; *P < 0.05 vs. Hypoxia group; ns, not significant.