Fig. 1: The phenotypes and markers of cellular senescence.
From: Cellular senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells in acute kidney injury
Cellular senescence is an irreversible state of cell-cycle arrest, which exhibits SASP and apoptotic resistance phenotypes. Senescent cells are enlarged and have an irregular shape. The phosphorylation of γH2AX increases following DNA damage in cellular senescence. SAHF accumulates and Lamin B1 downregulates in the nucleus of the senescent cell. Enhanced lysosomal content (SA-β-gal), ER stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction are observed in senescent cells. Moreover, lipid metabolism, glutamine catabolism, and NAD+ metabolism are abnormal after cellular senescence.
