Fig. 5: Reduced TSP-1 expression decreases excitatory synapse and glutamate levels.

Gray bands and normalized gray values of TSP-1/TGF-β1 (A–C), PSD-95/synapsin I (D–F) and VGLUT1 (G, H) at 24 hours and 3 days (n = 4/group). The immunohistochemistry results of PSD-95 (green, scale bar = 3 μm, I, J), VGLUT1 (green, scale bar = 10 μm, K, L) and CAMKII (red, scale bar = 10 μm, M, N) in EC. I–N n = 4/group, Blue, DAPI. O Ratio of normalized power spectra intensity of beta waves (n = 5/group) and (P) glutamate content (n = 6/group). Mean ± SEMs were presented. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs siRNA-NC group (Unpaired T-test).